Gordon M. Adams, George Washington University

Kenneth L. Adelman, former Director, ACDA

J. Brian Atwood, Citizens International

Norman R. Augustine, retired Chairman and CEO of Lockheed Martin Corporation

Jeremy R. Azrael, RAND

Elizabeth Frawley Bagley, former US Ambassador to Portugal and Department of State Senior Adviser

Robert Bates, former corporate secretary, Mobil Corporation

Barry M. Blechman, DFI International

Harold Brown, CSIS

Richard Burt, IEP Advisors, LLP

Daniel L. Byman, RAND

Frank C. Carlucci, The Carlyle Group

Ashton Carter, Harvard University

David S.C. Chu, RAND

Natalie W. Crawford, RAND

Lynn E. Davis, RAND

Thomas A. Dine, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty

Marc Ginsberg, APCO Global Ventures

David C. Gompert, RAND Europe

Jerrold D. Green, RAND

William Harrop, former US Ambassador

Robert E. Hunter, RAND

Jeffrey A. Isaacson, RAND

Bruce W. Jentleson, Duke University

Zalmay M. Khalilzad, RAND

F. Stephen Larrabee, RAND

Mel Levine, Gibson, Dunn, and Crutcher LLP

Samuel W. Lewis, American Academy of Diplomacy

Jessica Tuchman Mathews, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (with dissent)

Dave McCurdy, Electronic Industries Alliance

David A. Ochmanek, RAND

Diann H. Painter, former chief economist, Mobil Corporation

Angel Rabasa, RAND

Michael D. Rich, RAND

John E. Rielly, Chicago Council on Foreign Relations

Robert Satloff, Washington Institute for Near East Policy

Jeremy Shapiro, RAND

David Skaggs, The Aspen Institute (with dissent)

Marin J. Strmecki, Smith Richardson Foundation

Loren B. Thompson, Lexington Institute

James A. Thomson, RAND

Ted Van Dyk, Claremont Graduate University and UCLA

Edward L. Warner, RAND

Harlan K. Ullman, CNA and CSIS (with comment)

The following members of the panel participated in the process, but due to their affiliation could not endorse the report:

Thomas E. Donilon, Fannie Mae

Albert Eisele, The Hill

Richard N. Haass, The Brookings Institution

Rita E. Hauser, The Hauser Foundation

Harriet Hentges, US Institute of Peace

Anthony Lake, Georgetown University

Richard H. Solomon, US Institute of Peace

Paul A. Volcker, former Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System

Paul D. Wolfowitz, Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies

Dov S. Zakheim, System Planning Corporation